تبیین سیاست خارجی روسیه در بحران سوریه | فصلنامه علمی تخصصی دانش تفسیر سیاسی

تبیین سیاست خارجی روسیه در بحران سوریه

نویسنده

  • دکتر محمدرضا احمدی یقین

چکیده

تحولات ژئوپلیتیکی در حوزه¬های منطقه¬ای بدون توجه به رفتار استراتژیک و نقش سیاسی قدرت¬های بزرگ انجام نمی¬شود. تاریخ سیاسی خاورمیانه ازجمله سوریه نشان می¬دهد که در این حوزه جغرافیایی، حضور نیروهای نظامی و مجموعه‌های مداخله¬گر بین¬المللی وجود داشته است. بحران سوریه از بزرگ¬ترین بحران¬های ژئوپلیتیکی فعلی در جهان اسلام بوده و مداخله قدرت¬های بزرگ در منطقه خاورمیانه باعث تشدید اختلافات و منازعات شده است. مقاله حاضر از نوع پژوهش¬های توصیفی- تحلیلی است و با بهره¬گیری از مطالعات کتابخانه-ای به دنبال پاسخ به این سؤال است که سیاست خارجی روسیه در بحران سوریه چیست؟ نتایج حاصل نشان می¬دهد که موضوع سوریه و حفظ بشار اسد برای رهبران روسیه بیشتر ابزاری برای دستیابی به اهداف عمیق‌تر و عمل¬گرایانه‌تر است و این کشور در پی کسب منافع راهبردی خود اهدافی چون حفظ پایگاه‌هایی طرطوس به‌عنوان تنها پایگاه دریایی خود در مدیترانه، مبارزه با تروریسم بنیادگرا و داعش، همکاری با جهان اسلام، مقابله با تهدیدها و تحریم¬های غرب و مسئله کریمه، سیاست نگاه به شرق را در پیش‌گرفته و در محیط منطقه-ای و بین¬المللی همراه با نقش فعال¬تر در سازمان ملل به دنبال حفظ تمامیت ارضی سوریه، جلوگیری از سقوط بشار اسد و یک‌جانبه‌گرایی غرب در عرصه¬های مختلف جهانی است.


Explaining Russia's foreign policy in the Syrian crisis

Dr. Mohammad Reza Ahmadi Yaqin


Abstract

Geopolitical developments in regional areas do not take place without considering the strategic behavior and political role of the great powers. The political history of the Middle East, including Syria, shows that in this geographical area, there has been the presence of military forces and international intervention groups. The Syrian crisis is one of the biggest current geopolitical crises in the Islamic world, and the intervention of major powers in the Middle East has intensified disputes and conflicts. The present article is a descriptive-analytical research and uses library studies to answer the question of what is Russia's foreign policy in the Syrian crisis? The results show that the issue of Syria and the preservation of Bashar al-Assad is more of a tool for Russian leaders to achieve deeper and more pragmatic goals, and that the country pursues strategic goals such as maintaining Tartus as its only naval base in the Mediterranean. The fight against fundamentalist terrorism and ISIS, cooperation with the Islamic world, countering Western threats and sanctions, and the Crimean issue, have pursued a policy of looking east and in a regional and international environment with a more active role in the United Nations. It seeks to preserve Syria's territorial integrity, prevent the fall of Bashar al-Assad, and Western unilateralism in various global arenas.


Keywords: Middle East, Syrian crisis, Russia, security


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کلیدواژه‌ها

  • خاورمیانه، بحران سوریه، روسیه، امنیت.